部署 master 节点 · Kubernetes 中文指南

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部署 master 节点 · Kubernetes 中文指南

2024-01-18 09:21| 来源: 网络整理| 查看: 265

部署master节点

kubernetes master 节点包含的组件:

kube-apiserver kube-scheduler kube-controller-manager

目前这三个组件需要部署在同一台机器上。

kube-scheduler、kube-controller-manager 和 kube-apiserver 三者的功能紧密相关; 同时只能有一个 kube-scheduler、kube-controller-manager 进程处于工作状态,如果运行多个,则需要通过选举产生一个 leader;

注:

暂时未实现master节点的高可用 master节点上没有部署flannel网络插件,如果想要在master节点上也能访问ClusterIP,请参考下一节部署node节点中的配置Flanneld部分。 TLS 证书文件

以下pem证书文件我们在创建TLS证书和秘钥这一步中已经创建过了,token.csv文件在创建kubeconfig文件的时候创建。我们再检查一下。

$ ls /etc/kubernetes/ssl admin-key.pem admin.pem ca-key.pem ca.pem kube-proxy-key.pem kube-proxy.pem kubernetes-key.pem kubernetes.pem 下载最新版本的二进制文件

有两种下载方式,请注意下载对应的Kubernetes版本。

方式一

从 github release 页面 下载发布版 tarball,解压后再执行下载脚本

wget https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/releases/download/v1.6.0/kubernetes.tar.gz tar -xzvf kubernetes.tar.gz cd kubernetes ./cluster/get-kube-binaries.sh

方式二

从 CHANGELOG页面 下载 client 或 server tarball 文件

server 的 tarball kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz 已经包含了 client(kubectl) 二进制文件,所以不用单独下载kubernetes-client-linux-amd64.tar.gz文件;

# wget https://dl.k8s.io/v1.6.0/kubernetes-client-linux-amd64.tar.gz wget https://dl.k8s.io/v1.6.0/kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz tar -xzvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz cd kubernetes tar -xzvf kubernetes-src.tar.gz

将二进制文件拷贝到指定路径

cp -r server/bin/{kube-apiserver,kube-controller-manager,kube-scheduler,kubectl,kube-proxy,kubelet} /usr/local/bin/ 配置和启动 kube-apiserver

创建 kube-apiserver的service配置文件

service配置文件/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service内容:

[Unit] Description=Kubernetes API Service Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes After=network.target After=etcd.service [Service] EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/config EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/apiserver ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-apiserver \ $KUBE_LOGTOSTDERR \ $KUBE_LOG_LEVEL \ $KUBE_ETCD_SERVERS \ $KUBE_API_ADDRESS \ $KUBE_API_PORT \ $KUBELET_PORT \ $KUBE_ALLOW_PRIV \ $KUBE_SERVICE_ADDRESSES \ $KUBE_ADMISSION_CONTROL \ $KUBE_API_ARGS Restart=on-failure Type=notify LimitNOFILE=65536 [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target

/etc/kubernetes/config文件的内容为:

### # kubernetes system config # # The following values are used to configure various aspects of all # kubernetes services, including # # kube-apiserver.service # kube-controller-manager.service # kube-scheduler.service # kubelet.service # kube-proxy.service # logging to stderr means we get it in the systemd journal KUBE_LOGTOSTDERR="--logtostderr=true" # journal message level, 0 is debug KUBE_LOG_LEVEL="--v=0" # Should this cluster be allowed to run privileged docker containers KUBE_ALLOW_PRIV="--allow-privileged=true" # How the controller-manager, scheduler, and proxy find the apiserver #KUBE_MASTER="--master=http://test-001.jimmysong.io:8080" KUBE_MASTER="--master=http://172.20.0.113:8080"

该配置文件同时被kube-apiserver、kube-controller-manager、kube-scheduler、kubelet、kube-proxy使用。

apiserver配置文件/etc/kubernetes/apiserver内容为:

### ## kubernetes system config ## ## The following values are used to configure the kube-apiserver ## # ## The address on the local server to listen to. #KUBE_API_ADDRESS="--insecure-bind-address=test-001.jimmysong.io" KUBE_API_ADDRESS="--advertise-address=172.20.0.113 --bind-address=172.20.0.113 --insecure-bind-address=172.20.0.113" # ## The port on the local server to listen on. #KUBE_API_PORT="--port=8080" # ## Port minions listen on #KUBELET_PORT="--kubelet-port=10250" # ## Comma separated list of nodes in the etcd cluster KUBE_ETCD_SERVERS="--etcd-servers=https://172.20.0.113:2379,https://172.20.0.114:2379,https://172.20.0.115:2379" # ## Address range to use for services KUBE_SERVICE_ADDRESSES="--service-cluster-ip-range=10.254.0.0/16" # ## default admission control policies KUBE_ADMISSION_CONTROL="--admission-control=ServiceAccount,NamespaceLifecycle,NamespaceExists,LimitRanger,ResourceQuota" # ## Add your own! KUBE_API_ARGS="--authorization-mode=RBAC --runtime-config=rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1 --kubelet-https=true --experimental-bootstrap-token-auth --token-auth-file=/etc/kubernetes/token.csv --service-node-port-range=30000-32767 --tls-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem --tls-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem --client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem --service-account-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem --etcd-cafile=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem --etcd-certfile=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem --etcd-keyfile=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem --enable-swagger-ui=true --apiserver-count=3 --audit-log-maxage=30 --audit-log-maxbackup=3 --audit-log-maxsize=100 --audit-log-path=/var/lib/audit.log --event-ttl=1h" --experimental-bootstrap-token-auth Bootstrap Token Authentication在1.9版本已经变成了正式feature,参数名称改为--enable-bootstrap-token-auth 如果中途修改过--service-cluster-ip-range地址,则必须将default命名空间的kubernetes的service给删除,使用命令:kubectl delete service kubernetes,然后系统会自动用新的ip重建这个service,不然apiserver的log有报错the cluster IP x.x.x.x for service kubernetes/default is not within the service CIDR x.x.x.x/16; please recreate --authorization-mode=RBAC 指定在安全端口使用 RBAC 授权模式,拒绝未通过授权的请求; kube-scheduler、kube-controller-manager 一般和 kube-apiserver 部署在同一台机器上,它们使用非安全端口和 kube-apiserver通信; kubelet、kube-proxy、kubectl 部署在其它 Node 节点上,如果通过安全端口访问 kube-apiserver,则必须先通过 TLS 证书认证,再通过 RBAC 授权; kube-proxy、kubectl 通过在使用的证书里指定相关的 User、Group 来达到通过 RBAC 授权的目的; 如果使用了 kubelet TLS Boostrap 机制,则不能再指定 --kubelet-certificate-authority、--kubelet-client-certificate 和 --kubelet-client-key 选项,否则后续 kube-apiserver 校验 kubelet 证书时出现 ”x509: certificate signed by unknown authority“ 错误; --admission-control 值必须包含 ServiceAccount; --bind-address 不能为 127.0.0.1; runtime-config配置为rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1,表示运行时的apiVersion; --service-cluster-ip-range 指定 Service Cluster IP 地址段,该地址段不能路由可达; 缺省情况下 kubernetes 对象保存在 etcd /registry 路径下,可以通过 --etcd-prefix 参数进行调整; 如果需要开通http的无认证的接口,则可以增加以下两个参数:--insecure-port=8080 --insecure-bind-address=127.0.0.1。注意,生产上不要绑定到非127.0.0.1的地址上

Kubernetes 1.9

对于Kubernetes1.9集群,需要注意配置KUBE_API_ARGS环境变量中的--authorization-mode=Node,RBAC,增加对Node授权的模式,否则将无法注册node。 --experimental-bootstrap-token-auth Bootstrap Token Authentication在kubernetes 1.9版本已经废弃,参数名称改为--enable-bootstrap-token-auth

完整 unit 见 kube-apiserver.service

启动kube-apiserver

systemctl daemon-reload systemctl enable kube-apiserver systemctl start kube-apiserver systemctl status kube-apiserver 配置和启动 kube-controller-manager

创建 kube-controller-manager的serivce配置文件

文件路径/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service

[Unit] Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes [Service] EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/config EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-controller-manager \ $KUBE_LOGTOSTDERR \ $KUBE_LOG_LEVEL \ $KUBE_MASTER \ $KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_ARGS Restart=on-failure LimitNOFILE=65536 [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target

配置文件/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager。

### # The following values are used to configure the kubernetes controller-manager # defaults from config and apiserver should be adequate # Add your own! KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_ARGS="--address=127.0.0.1 --service-cluster-ip-range=10.254.0.0/16 --cluster-name=kubernetes --cluster-signing-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem --cluster-signing-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem --service-account-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem --root-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem --leader-elect=true" --service-cluster-ip-range 参数指定 Cluster 中 Service 的CIDR范围,该网络在各 Node 间必须路由不可达,必须和 kube-apiserver 中的参数一致; --cluster-signing-* 指定的证书和私钥文件用来签名为 TLS BootStrap 创建的证书和私钥; --root-ca-file 用来对 kube-apiserver 证书进行校验,指定该参数后,才会在Pod 容器的 ServiceAccount 中放置该 CA 证书文件; --address 值必须为 127.0.0.1,kube-apiserver 期望 scheduler 和 controller-manager 在同一台机器; 启动 kube-controller-manager systemctl daemon-reload systemctl enable kube-controller-manager systemctl start kube-controller-manager systemctl status kube-controller-manager

我们启动每个组件后可以通过执行命令kubectl get componentstatuses,来查看各个组件的状态;

$ kubectl get componentstatuses NAME STATUS MESSAGE ERROR scheduler Unhealthy Get http://127.0.0.1:10251/healthz: dial tcp 127.0.0.1:10251: getsockopt: connection refused controller-manager Healthy ok etcd-2 Healthy {"health": "true"} etcd-0 Healthy {"health": "true"} etcd-1 Healthy {"health": "true"} 如果有组件report unhealthy请参考:https://github.com/kubernetes-incubator/bootkube/issues/64

完整 unit 见 kube-controller-manager.service

配置和启动 kube-scheduler

创建 kube-scheduler的serivce配置文件

文件路径/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service。

[Unit] Description=Kubernetes Scheduler Plugin Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes [Service] EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/config EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/scheduler ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-scheduler \ $KUBE_LOGTOSTDERR \ $KUBE_LOG_LEVEL \ $KUBE_MASTER \ $KUBE_SCHEDULER_ARGS Restart=on-failure LimitNOFILE=65536 [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target

配置文件/etc/kubernetes/scheduler。

### # kubernetes scheduler config # default config should be adequate # Add your own! KUBE_SCHEDULER_ARGS="--leader-elect=true --address=127.0.0.1" --address 值必须为 127.0.0.1,因为当前 kube-apiserver 期望 scheduler 和 controller-manager 在同一台机器;

完整 unit 见 kube-scheduler.service

启动 kube-scheduler systemctl daemon-reload systemctl enable kube-scheduler systemctl start kube-scheduler systemctl status kube-scheduler 验证 master 节点功能 $ kubectl get componentstatuses NAME STATUS MESSAGE ERROR scheduler Healthy ok controller-manager Healthy ok etcd-0 Healthy {"health": "true"} etcd-1 Healthy {"health": "true"} etcd-2 Healthy {"health": "true"} Copyright © 2017-2022 | Distributed under CC BY 4.0 | jimmysong.io all right reserved. Updated at 2023-03-28 02:58:14


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